ABSTRACT
Antioxidants are vital substances, which possess the ability to protect the body from damages caused by free radical-induced oxidative stress. Therefore the present investigation was carried out to investigate the antioxidant activity of Petroleum Ether Extract of Ipomoea eriocarpa whole plant (PEIE). The plant extract was tested for DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl, 2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging, and reducing power assays. The data obtained in the in vitro models clearly establish the antioxidant potency of the Petroleum Ether Extract of Ipomoea eriocarpa whole plant.
Keywords: Ipomoea eriocarpa, Radical Scavenging, Antioxidant Activity, DPPH, Reducing Power Assay.

ABSTRACT
Topical administration for ocular therapeutics is ideal because of smaller doses required compared to the systemic use, its rapid onset of action and freedom from systemic toxicity Topically applied ocular drugs have to reach the inner parts of the eye and transcorneal penetration is believed to be the major route for drug absorption. Corneal absorption is much slower process than elimination. The specific aim of designing a therapeutic system is to achieve an optimal concentration of a drug at the active site for the appropriate duration. Ideal ophthalmic drug delivery must be able to sustain the drug release and to remain in the vicinity of front of the eye for prolong period of time. Consequently it is imperative to optimize ophthalmic drug delivery; one of the way to do so is by addition of polymers of various grades, development of in situ gel or colloidal suspension or using erodible or non erodible insert to prolong the pre corneal drug retention. This review focused on controlled and sustained drug delivery has become the standard in modern pharmaceutical design and several possible routes of drug delivery into the ocular tissues.
Keywords: Ophthalmic drug delivery, Corneal drug delivery, Controlled and sustained drug delivery.

ABSTRACT
Phyla nodiflora Linn. (Verbenaceae) is commonly called as Bhujokra in Hindi, Ratoliya in Gujarati and Jalpippali in Sanskrit. It is found throughout warmer parts of India ascending up to 900m in the hills. It is common in wet places, along irrigation channels, canal edges and river banks. The whole plant of Phyla nodiflora L. is used for ulcer, jaundice, asthma and bronchitis. To investigate the hepatoprotective activity and acute oral toxicity of extract of whole plant of Phyla nodiflora L. (MPN) in male Wistar albino rats by using CCl4 induced hepatoptoxicity. The MPN at doses of 200 and 400mg/kg, p.o and the standard drug Silymarin (100mg/kg, p.o) were administered three times at 12h intervals and then CCl4 (1ml/kg) was administered to all the groups except normal control for 2 days. The hepatoprotective activity was assessed by using various biochemical parameters like SGOT, SGPT, ALP, γ-GT, TP and total bilirubin along with histopathological studies were observed after 36h of CCl4 treatment. The MPN at the doses of 200 and 400mg/kg inhibited CCl4 induced liver toxicity in Wistar albino rats as assessed by the biochemical changes and histopathological studies. The methanol extract of whole plant of Phyla nodiflora L. afforded significant protection against CCl4 induced hepatocellular injury.
Key words: Phyla nodiflora L., Hepatoprotective, CCl4, Silymarin, Hepatotoxicity.

ABSTRACT
The discovery and development of new medicines is a long, complicated process. Each success is built on many, many prior failures. Advances in understanding human biology and disease are opening up exciting new possibilities for breakthrough medicines. At the same time, researchers face great challenges in understanding and applying these advances to the treatment of disease. As our understanding of disease has increased to the extent that we know how disease and infection are controlled at the molecular and physiological level, scientists are now able to try to find compounds that specifically modulate those molecules, for instance via high throughput screening. Even more recently, scientists have been able to understand the shape of biological molecules at the atomic level, and to use that knowledge to design drug candidates.
Keywords: Drug Discovery, Drug Design, High Throughput Screening, High Content Screening

ABSTRACT
Nanomedicine seeks to deliver a valuable set of research tools and clinically useful devices in the near future. The National Nanotechnology Initiative expects new commercial applications in the pharmaceutical industry that may include advanced drug delivery systems, new therapies, and in vivo imaging. Neuro-electronic interfaces and other nanoelectronics-based sensors are another active goal of research.
Keywords: Nanomedicine, Nanotechnology, Bionanotechnology.

ABSTRACT
In the present study we evaluated the anticataleptic efficacy of ethanol extract of Ageratum conyzoides L. in haloperidol induced catalepsy in rats. Scientific evaluation of this claim using experimental model Anticataleptic activity using block method, Locomotor activity in actophotometer and Exploratory behavior in hole board apparatus. From the observations of above studies it could be envisaged, that the protective effect of ethanol extract of Ageratum conyzoides L. against symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (catalepsy) may be due to regulation in neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, glutamate which are playing an important role in protection of catalepsy and antioxidant properties. Further studies have to be conducted on the various extracts and isolated principles of the plant for their effects on other CNS disorders.
Keywords: Ageratum conyzoides L., Catalepsy, Parkinsonism, CNS disorders.