ABSTRACT

Now days the research work in the drug development is mainly focusing on targeted drug delivery for better therapeutic effect. Various carriers for delivering the drug have been reported, among these erythrocytes (RBC) constitute potential biocompatible carriers since they possess several properties which make them unique and useful carriers. Erythrocytes are biocompatible, biodegradable, possess long circulation half-lives, and can be loaded with a variety of biologically active compounds using various chemical and physical methods.

KEY WORDS: Erythrocytes, Advantages, Invitro characterization.

ABSTRACT

             The aim of the present research work to apply crystal engineering for the selection of API and co-former with primary amide and to investigate the preparation and characterization of co-crystal preparation. Isoniazid (INH, Pyridine-4-carboxyhydrazide) is used as a first line anti-tubercular agent, in combination with other anti-tubercular drugs for the effective treatment of active diseases and also used for prevention of tuberculosis in individuals who have been exposed to active disease. The supra molecular interactions of isoniazid with carboxylic acid resulted in co-crystal based on the nature of carboxylic acid.co-crystals of (1:1 stoichiometric ratio) isoniazid with methyl paraben was reported. These prepared crystal forms I resolve the poor micrometric problems of isoniazid and shows improved flow and compaction property than isoniazid. From the anti-tubercular test performed it has confirmed that the co-crystal forms of methyl paraben and INH (S9) had shown increased activity compared to the pure drug.

KEY WORDS: Isoniazid, Methyl paraben, Anti-tubercular activity.

ABSTRACT

This study was aimed to assess the possible laxative effect ofethanol extract of leaves of Annona muricata L.in albino’s wistar rats. The laxative activity was determined based on the weight of the faeces matter. The effects of ethanol extract of leaves of Annona muricata L. and reference standard on the gastro intestinal motility rate were also evaluated. The ethanol extract of leaves of Annona muricata L. administered orally at two different doses produced significant laxative activity and reduced loperamide induced constipation in dose dependent manner. The effect of the extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg (p.o.) was similar to that of reference drug sodium picosulfate (5 mg/kg, p.o). The same doses of the extract (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) produced a significant increase (p < 0.01) of intestinal transit in comparison with castor oil (2 ml) (p < 0.01). The results showed that the ethanol extract of leaves of Annona muricata L. has a significant laxative activity.
KEY WORDS: Laxative, Loperamide, Constipation, Gastro intestinal motility, Intestinal transit.

ABSTRACT
In the present study, design of oral immediate release tablets of Valsartan by direct compression technique was carried out. The main aim and objective of the work is to formulate immediate release tablets using different direct compression vehicles (DCV’S) in different ratios. The main motive is to compare the dissolution profile of these formulations and conclude the best formulation which release drug at a faster rate. To determine the best fit dissolution profile for the dosage forms. Valsartan tablets were formulated by using microcrystalline cellulose (diluent), potato starch, acacia (binder) and magnesium stearate (lubricant). The granules were compressed into tablets and were subjected to dissolution studies. The dissolution profile of the formulation F2 was found to have better dissolution rate compared to others. The Invitro dissolution studies of all the formulations were conducted and the results were obtained, it was concluded that formulation F2 was the best with fast release of drug compared to others.
KEY WORDS: Valsartan, direct compression vehicles (DCV’S), Acasia, MCC, Lactose, Sucrose, Fructose.

ABSTRACT
Skin acts as a major target as well as a principal barrier for topical/transdermal drug delivery. Despite the many advantages of this system, the major obstacle is the low diffusion rate of drugs across the stratum corneum. Several methods have be tried to increase the permeation rate of drugs temporarily. One simple and convenient approach is application of drugs in formulation with elastic vesicles or skin enhancers. Vesicular system is one of the most controversial methods for transdermal delivery of active substances in that ethosome are the ethanolic phospholipids vesicles which are used mainly for transdermal delivery of drugs.Ethosomes have higher penetration rate through skin due to its ethanolic content. In this article reviews various aspect of ethosomes including their mechanism of penetration, preparation, advantages, characterization, composition, preparation, application and marketed product. These carriers open new challenges and opportunities for the development of novel improved invasive delivery carriers that enable drugs to reach the deep skin layers and/or the systemic circulation. Although ethosomal systems are conceptually sophisticated, they are characterized by simplicity in their preparation, safe efficacy a combination that can highly expand their application. Ethosomes are soft, malleable vesicles tailored for enhanced delivery of active agents. This article reviews various aspects of ethosomes including their preparation, characterization, potential advantages and their applications in drug delivery.
KEY WORDS: Ethosomes, Phospholipids, Stratum corneum, Transdermal.